Saturday, 29 September 2007

soup


煲汤有八要 无论是中餐还是西餐,无论是品尝丰盛的佳肴,还是普通的家常便饭,汤都是餐桌上的宠物。 嗜汤、喜汤、品汤已是时尚,可谓“无汤不成席”。 民以食为天,而食的本质是营养,到了冬天,正是宜于进补的时节。在外面工作忙碌了一天,回到家喝上一碗滋味鲜香、营养丰富的汤,感觉真是不一样。然而,要使喝汤真正起到强身健体、防病治病、增强健康的作用,在汤的制作和饮用时一定要注重科学,做到“八要”。 ● 选料要得当 选料得当是制好鲜汤的关键。 用于制汤的原料,一般为动物性原料,如鸡、鸭、禽骨、猪瘦肉、猪肘子、猪骨、火腿、板鸭、鱼类等,但必须鲜味足、异味小、血污少。这类食品含有丰富的蛋白质、琥珀酸、氨基酸、核苷酸等,家禽肉食中能溶解于水的含氮浸出物,包括肌凝蛋白质、肌酸、肌酐、尿素和氨基酸等非蛋白质含氮物质,它们是汤鲜味的主要来源。 ● 食品要新鲜 新鲜并不是历来所讲究的“肉吃鲜杀鱼吃跳”的“时鲜”。 现代所讲的鲜,是指鱼 、畜禽杀死后3~5小时,此时鱼或禽肉的各种酶使蛋白质、脂肪等分解为氨基酸、脂肪酸等人体易于吸收的物质,此时不但营养最丰富,味道也最好。 ● 炊具要选择 制鲜汤以陈年瓦罐煨的效果最佳。 瓦罐是由不易传热的石英、长石、粘土等原料配合成的陶土,经过高温烧制而成。其通气性、吸附性好,还具有传热均匀、散热缓慢等特点。煨制鲜汤时,瓦罐能均衡而持久地把外界热能传递给内部原料,相对平衡的环境温度,有利于水分子与食物的相互渗透,这种相互渗透的时间维持得越长,鲜香成份溢出得越多,煨出的汤的滋味就越鲜醇,被煨食品的质地就越酥烂。 ● 火候要适当 煨汤的要诀是:旺火烧沸,小火慢煨。 这样才能使食品内的蛋白质浸出物等鲜香物质尽可能地溶解出来,以便达到鲜醇味美的目的。只有文火才能使浸出物溶解得更多,既清澈,又浓醇。 ● 配水要合理 水既是鲜香食品的溶剂,又是食品传热的介质。 水温的变化、用量的多少,对汤的风味有着直接的影响。用水量一般是煨汤的主要食品重量的3倍,同时应使食品与冷水共同受热,即不直接用沸水煨汤,也不中途加冷水,以使食品的营养物质缓慢地溢出,最终达到汤色清澈的效果。 ● 搭配要适宜 许多食物之间已有固定的搭配模式,使营养素起到互补作用,即餐桌上的“黄金搭配”。 例如,海带炖肉汤,酸性食品肉与碱性食品海带起“组合效应”,这是日本的长寿区(冲绳地区)的“长寿食品”。为了使汤的口味比较纯正,一般不用很多品种的动物食品同煨。 ● 操作要精细 注意调味用料的投放顺序 特别注意熬汤时不宜先放盐,因盐具有渗透作用,会使原料中水分排出,蛋白质凝固,鲜味不足。一般地说,60℃~80℃的温度易引起部分维生素破坏,而煲汤使食物温度长时维持在85℃~100℃。因此,若在汤中加蔬菜应随放随吃,以减少维生素C的破坏。汤中适量放入味精、香油、胡椒、姜、葱、蒜等调味品,使其别具特色,但注意用量不宜太多,以免影响汤的原味。 ● 喝汤时间要讲究 常言道:“饭前喝汤,苗条健康”、“饭后喝汤,越喝越胖”,这有一定的科学道理。 吃饭前,先喝汤,等于给上消化道加点“润滑剂”,使食物顺利下咽,吃饭中途不时喝点汤水有助食物的稀释和搅拌,有益于胃肠道对食物的吸收和消化。同时,吃饭前先喝汤,让胃部分充盈,可减少主食的纳入,从而避免热量摄入过多。而饭后喝汤,容易使营养过剩,造成肥胖。 值得注意的是,不要片面地认为鱼、鸡等原料熬的“精汤”最营养。实验证明,无论你熬得多久,仍有营养成分留在“肉渣”中。只喝汤,不吃“肉渣”是不科学的。 --------------------------------- 看菜谱上介绍煲汤的方法,总是说“将肉出水或飞水”,什么意思?这样做有什么好处?z)@a 用鸡、鸭、排骨等肉类煲汤时,先将肉在开水中氽一下,这个过程就叫做“出水”或“飞水”,不仅可以除去血水,还去除一部分脂肪,避免过于肥腻。'vV$ 我每次煲鱼汤,汤好了,鱼都没形了,快给我支一招。急!%b=/#) 煲鱼汤不能用出水的方法,而要先用油把鱼两面煎一下,鱼皮定结,就不易碎烂了,而且还不会有腥味。gfY 煲汤时是冷水下料好还是热水下料好?=f;jD= 冷水下料比较好,开水会使蛋白质迅速凝固,不易出鲜味。H 煲汤用什么锅好?R 煲汤以选择质地细腻的砂锅为宜,但劣质砂锅的的瓷釉中含有少量铅,煮酸性食物时容易溶解出来,有害健康。内壁洁白的陶锅很好用。8 为什么煲完汤的肉很柴?. 瘦肉煲汤后,肉质较粗糙。可以选半肥半瘦的肉,但猪前脚的瘦肉,煲炖多个小时后肉质仍嫩滑可食。Fg@ 在饭店里喝的鱼汤,肉汤都像奶汁一样,感觉很滋补,可是我自己在家煲汤总是出不来这个效果。u 油与水充分混合才能出奶汁的效果。做肉汤时要先用大火煮开,然后用小火煮透,再改大火。做鱼汤时要先用油煎透,然后加入沸水,用大火。还要注意水要一次加足,中间再补水,汤就泄了。!{svu 煲汤要加哪些香料,味精要吗?什么时候放盐? 6{yEeT 大多数北方人煲汤认为要加香料,诸如葱、姜、花椒、大料、味精、料酒之类,事实上,从广东人煲汤的经验来看,喝汤讲究原汁原味,这些香料大可不必。如果需要,一片姜足矣。盐应当最后加,因为盐能使蛋白质凝固,有碍鲜味成分的扩散。(s 煲汤是不是时间越久越好??@MwH^ 错!汤中的营养物质主要是氨基酸类,加热时间过长,会产生新的物质,营养反而被破坏,一般鱼汤1小时左右,鸡汤,排骨汤3小时左右就足矣。E0k (c)你来我网 -- 你来我网,来来往往 q 汤虽滋补,有些肥腻,怎么办?C 可以把汤煲好后熄火,待冷却后,油浮在汤面,或凝固在汤面,用勺羹除去,再把汤煲滚。V 喝汤应该是在饭前还是饭后?.1t 一般人饭前喝点汤,可促进胃液分泌,帮助消化吸收,但有浅表性胃炎的人应饭后喝,以免加重症状。;O-8l 煲过汤的肉料食之无味,弃之可惜。qF]l\ 一般人认为营养都集中在汤里,所以煲好的汤就只喝汤,对于里面的肉类就弃之不要了,其实,无论煲汤的时间有多长,肉类的营养也不能完全溶解在汤里,所以喝汤后还要吃适量的肉,把煲过汤的肉料取出撕开,以生抽、葱姜丝、辣椒丝调成蘸料配食,入口很美味。G 听说不同的汤有一定的功效,能介绍一下吗?6iGpX 骨汤抗衰老:骨汤中的特殊养分以及胶原蛋促进微循环,50-59岁这十年是人体微循环由盛到衰的转折期,骨骼老化速度快,多喝骨头汤往往可收到药物难以达到的功效。j<~i 鱼汤防哮喘:鱼汤中含有一种特殊的脂肪酸,它具有抗炎作用,可以治疗肺呼吸道炎症,预防哮喘发作,对儿童哮喘病最为有效。086@ 菜汤抗污染:各种新鲜蔬菜含有大量碱性成分,其溶于汤中通过消化道进入人体内可使体液环境呈正常的弱碱性状态,有利于人体内的污染物或毒性物质重新溶解,随尿排出体外。0g 鸡汤抗感冒:鸡汤特别是母鸡汤中的特殊养分,可加快咽喉部及支气管膜的血液循环,增强粘液分泌,及时清除呼吸道病毒,缓解咳嗽、咽干、喉痛等症状。fyz>i 海带汤御寒:海带含有大量的碘元素,而碘元素有助于四状腺激素的合成。

Thursday, 27 September 2007

Painful teeth

How to describe it? Old Chinese saying, painful teeth isn't sick, but it is frigging.
It already last for nearly two weeks, swelling gum, shaking teeth… my god! What a nasty thing happens to me!
I really want to use a stick to know them down and get rid of them. I assume it will be another bigger disaster in my mouth.
Wu…..I hate it!

Wednesday, 26 September 2007

Nothing to say

Do I know him? No, I am sure he is Chinese as he talked with an other Chinese before.
Every morning we meet at Hatfield, we use the same train to London, the same station to get off and the same tube to South London.
I can't find anything to talk with him, maybe he can't find it as well. We were grown up in the same kind environment and know very well about each other's thinking. Maybe we already tired of communication in a Chinese way, as we all know the past 50 years does destroy Chinese people's morality a lot. Get away from it and enjoy something new and fresh.

Table tennis club rule

One mate from table tennis club tells me you should play ruthless!

Friday, 21 September 2007

Fearne Cotton

She combines the beautiful, genuinely warmth and intelligence.
She knows very well about how to communicate with judges, as well as communicate with different X factor attendees. She stands in a higher position and knows what she is doing then do it in a very relax and confidence way, cheerful to make everyone has a good time with her.


Out of office message

I am leaving my job to join another company and was looking for a message more funny than the usually boring "I have left the company message"
I am currently out at a job interview and will reply to you if I fail to get the position.
I'm not really out of the office. I'm just ignoring you.
You are receiving this automatic notification because I am out of the office. If I was in, chances are you wouldn't have received anything at all.
Hi! I'm busy negotiating the salary for my new job. Please don't bother to leave me any messages.
I've run away to join a different circus.
AND, FINALLY, .... I will be out of the office for the next 2 weeks for medical reasons. When I return, please refer to me as 'Loretta' instead of 'Steve'.'

Monday, 17 September 2007

Always know what you are doing! It is not my fault, it is your problem

First is very important to do well in job, it is better for u to devote yourself into it and study , as well stand aside and observe it. For the second one, it is really not every one can realize that his or her angry and bad mood come from his own problem.
Different class, all should can find something they can enjoy, it is an issue of lifestyle. Happy is a feeling, depends on yourself.

Power of make others feel close and warm

Power of make others feel close and warm
Compared with your professional skill, capability of communication and cooperation are more important. Show up as professional as you can in work, as well as a human with flesh and blood and vivid characters

Friday, 14 September 2007

Suggestion to young

Cherish your time
It is a good time for u to accumulate knowledge, people can see and feel it from your saying and behaviour

Stand higher and get a wider view
Knowledge and open mind, make you have your own idea, know what you are doing and do exactly what is important at that time.

Be Enterprise
That help you build up your confidence, as you keep yourself be enterprise and confident you have a good future.

Enjoy life
This world is fantastic and worth fighting for.

Thursday, 13 September 2007

Owen's goals

He had two super shots last night.
he will be happy everywhere if he can keep on scoring goals

Wednesday, 12 September 2007

Journey

The clock rings at 6:58 during the weekdays, T sets it, which is very nice, as I can have a lazy sleep in weekend.
The 7:33 train is always urgent for me to catch up, cycles fast with tears come out together with wind pass by my face. I can't believe that I can make all this happen with half an hour. Washing, eating, dressing, and cycling! I did it, sometime, it cost me 7 minutes to station by bike and rush into the train.
The journey are always beautiful, it is always a journey of thinking. A lot of things to think, life like a dream, maybe it is still a little bit difficult to believe that I am in England and I work in London. In fact most of time, I don't know what I am thinking, just let my mind run freely in the past and future about sorrow and happy.
Anyway, I like this journey most of time, find a seat by the window, hold a book in hand, but looking out the changing view pass by the window. It is green, narrow, open, etc. it likes a river that ship passengers between London and North towns. I must say, I don't like the time in tube, too deep underground, but it is convenient for everyone.
People are always most interesting in the world, you see the same group of people at station every day at the same time, but we never talk with each other, you remember there is a lady with hybrid baby get on the train nearly every day at Potters bar, you see a man get off from Oakeyland every morning with serious expression. You will see a beggar sit in the passage from Vauxhall tube to Vauxhall rail, people rush down and upfrom rail platform into tube platform.
You saw people eating at Finsbury park station, you see the queue before Vauxhall station fruit shop, even the old man begin to remember you and say hello.
Passing by you, you passing by them and place… Life is going on with amazing feeling, even the unhappy if you are strong enough to face it.
About 8:58, I am in office.

Monday, 10 September 2007

Hello Mr Federer

A talented player, I think, not only in tennis but also in other sports. There must be un- normal blood flows in his body, which make he is so fantastic in sports. I heard some news about his football and table tennis skill: he can also play in Swiss football team if he like, as his football skill is good enough for that, it is amazing.
It is the second time that he come into my blog, for his talent and for his glorious achievement. T said: whether you are good at tennis or not, more of less depends on the distance between your two eyes. It is a funny comment, believe it or not, look at the good table tennis or tennis player, possible he is right, that must help them judge the ball routine and decide how to heat it.

Wednesday, 5 September 2007

Build up your confidience

Build up your confidence to get on with different people, especially higher position and successful people.
1,Remember the article about "future", Now you are always richer than you in the future, as you are young!
2,Be enterprise and confident that you will have a great future
3,Don't waste time, spend time on your career and hobbies, be knowledgeable in it.
4,Positive, good attitude and good mental health